The Power of a Magnifying Glass Essay Example for Free

The Power of a Magnifying Glass Essay The magnification of a magnifying glass depends upon where it is placed between the users eye and the object being viewed, and the total distance between them. The magnifying power is equivalent to angular magnification (this should not be confused with optical power, which is a different quantity). The magnifying power is the ratio of the sizes of the images formed on the users retina with and without the lens.[3] For the without case, it is typically assumed that the user would bring the object as close to the eye as possible without it becoming blurry. This point, known as the near point, varies with age. In a young child it can be as close as 5 cm, while in an elderly person it may be as far as one or two metres. Magnifiers are typically characterized using a standard value of 0.25 m. The highest magnifying power is obtained by putting the lens very close to the eye and moving the eye and the lens together to obtain the best focus. The object will then typically also be close to the lens. The magnifying power obtained in this condition is MP0 =  ¼ÃŽ ¦ + 1, where ÃŽ ¦ is the optical power in dioptres, and the factor of  ¼ comes from the assumed distance to the near point ( ¼ m from the eye). This value of the magnifying power is the one normally used to characterize magnifiers. It is typically denoted mÃâ€", where m = MP0. This is sometimes called the total power of the magnifier (again, not to be confused with optical power). Magnifiers are not always used as described above, however. It is much more comfortable to put the magnifier close to the object (one focal length away). The eye can then be a larger distance away, and a good image can be obtained very easily; the focus is not very sensitive to the eyes exact position. The magnifying power in this case is roughly MP =  ¼ÃŽ ¦. A typical magnifying glass might have a focal length of 25 cm, corresponding to an optical power of 4 dioptres. Such a magnifier would be sold as a 2Ãâ€" magnifier. In actual use, an observer with typical eyes would obtain a magnifying power between 1 and 2, depending on where lens is held. Using this principle, a magnifying glass can also be used to focus light, such as to concentrate the suns radiation to create a hot spot at the focus.

Ayn Rand, Aristotle, and Selfishness :: essays research papers

Ayn Rand, Aristotle, and Selfishness Selfishness is an act that humans innately have implanted within them. Ayn Rand being a rational egoist had many moral beliefs, one being especially about selfishness. She believed that: â€Å"Self-interest, properly understood, is the standard of morality and selflessness is the deepest immorality.†( Ayn Rand 279) This basically emphasizes that you should see oneself, as an end to oneself. A person’s own life and happiness are their highest values, and that they don’t exist as servants or slaves to the interests of others. In the same way, others as well don’t exist as servants or slaves to a person’s own interests. Each person's own life and happiness is his/her crucial end. Ayn Rand, Aristotle, and Frederick Nietzsche all had theories behind this, which was that Humans are innately selfish. Threw out society today all humans are selfish and it is proven by these philosophers that it is naturally developed and there is no cure to prevent it. Ayn Rand, a great Russian philosopher, once questioned why shouldn’t one be selfish. Ayn Rand responded to that question with her theory which she called objectivist ethics. This theory states that humans are innately selfish. â€Å"Everyone does what they really want to do otherwise, they wouldn’t do it†.(Ayn rand 66) Rand believed that humans are rational beings and maintained the idea that rational people will help others if they get something in return. This idea is a voluntary co-operation, which applies to dealings with trade and justice. It also applies to human relationships. In developing her theory she criticized the ethics of altruism, which says that people should act out of selfish concern for others. Ayn Rand says in her book called â€Å"The Virtue of Selfishness† that the proper method of judging when one should help another person is by reference to one’s own rational self-interest and one’s own hierarchy of values. Ayn Rand followed Aristotle’s point of view. However unlike Aristotle she focused on an individual other than a community. â€Å"There is no such thing as ‘society’ †¦ only individual men† (Ayn Rand 279) Ayn Rand followed her great acknowledged teacher Aristotle. She changed her view slightly different from Aristotle which was to focus on an individual rather than focusing on a whole community. Aristotle believed that one’s own life is the only life one has to live for. Aristotle also stated that the â€Å"good† is what is objectively good for a particular man.

A Social Family Institution in India

Location: India has an area of approximately 3,287,580 sq. kilometers. It serves as a border to the Bay of Bengal the Indian Ocean, and to the Arabian Sea located to its west. Directly north of India are the Himalayas, the world†s biggest mountain range. India also serves as a neighbor to several different countries. Myanmar and Bangladesh located to its east, China, Nepal and Bhutan to the north, Sri Lanka to the South, and finally Afghanistan and Pakistan on the northwest. Topography: India is separated into 4 main regions, these are the Ganges, Indus Plains, Desert zone, and the Southern Peninsula. Physiologically India is divided ten times. A senior male usually heads families in India. In the senior males household a family can be very large. The senior male†s family can include his unmarried children, married children alongside their wives and kids, unmarried younger brothers and sisters, and married brothers with their wives and children. It is common however for families to separate once the father dies. This idea of family is true for both nuclear family and extended family. As already stated above the size of a typical Indian family is very large. The senior male is responsible for providing the financial assistance to the family while his wife takes care of the house. She assigns chores to all of the females in the household. The Elderly are taken care upon dearly by their family members. The marriage traditions in India have been in existence for a very long time. The have a long and important set of rules that are carefully followed by most. A marriage arrangement is a big responsibility for the parents of both the female and male. A marriage is arranged based primarily on religion, family wealth, and the hope for a good biological reproduction. Marriages in India are no different than in most of the countries around the world. It is a very special event for the bride and grooms family and friends. For both the male and the female marriage is a big change not only socially but mentally as well. Only once married is one truly considered to have made the transition to adulthood. Married couples display a strong for male children. Males are desired more because of financial contribution the may supply for the family. Girls on thew other hand are some times viewed as very big liabilities, The more one has the more liable one is. They are viewed as very expensive to support and require very expensive dowries once they are married. Families that have many girls and very few or no males are in great danger of experiencing financial disaster. The roles played by males and females in the Indian society have a very strong presence. Their roles have changed very little in the last couple of decades. Males are the dominant sex in the society. Females have very little power or control over their lives. The male†s main role is to provide financial stability. India†s educational system is one that is very similar to that held by the British. It consists of five levels of education. Level one is preprimary, followed by primary (which in the American system would equal grades 1-5), middle class (middle school), secondary (9 and 10 grades), and finally higher levels (11 and 12 grades). India s governments is currently working very hard to make the peoples education a top priority. The Indian government supplies the people with free education, even with free education only about half of the children attend school. It is viewed by the Indian people that it is more important for the males to attend school than it is for the females. Out of the 50 Indian population is illiterate, 66% of these are females. Higher education in India is not very big. Out of all of the people that attend primary and secondary education less than 10% go on to higher education. It†s popularity however is increasing greatly compared to past years. India†s collegiate system is divided into three. One of these three types is the religious college. These are colleges found by politicians and by wealthy families. They did this in order to gain popularity amongst the people. Government colleges constitute the second type; these are colleges that are found on the outskirts of big cities. They lack private investments and are therefor founded by the government. The third type is called Professional colleges. These are colleges that mainly receive both government and private aid. Professional colleges are the beset of colleges to study carriers such as medicine, engineering etc. 2-India Literacy rate is very high in numbers but very low in percentages. They have over 400 million people that can read but this constitutes only about 56% of the population. 1- India runs its government under a constitution created in 1949. The president of India is elected by the parliament and serves a term of five years. The Prime Minster of India is also a very powerful man in this country. It is said that he has more power than the president. Lok Sabah, otherwise know as the Lower House of Parliament is controlled by the ministers. The federal Parliament consists of no more than 250 members. The President appoints twelve of them and most of the others are appointed by their state. The Lower House has no more than 545 members. Just like the president they serve terms that last fore five years. In case of a national emergency the president can overrule any state government.

Segregation and Jim Crow

Suitability of Project Management with Organisational...

I agree that project based management is ideally suited to organizational change. Projects produce change and their management technique is undertaken to achieved a specified outcomes that requires commitment of skills and resources (Stuckenbruck,1981). Meanwhile, change management is best described by Parker (2013) as a planned process of transitioning from one state to another through a sequence steps with a focus on generating the acceptance from individuals undergoing the change. The similarity between project based management and change management apparent when each purpose is contrast; project based management focuses extensively on tasks and output while change management emphasizes people and outcome. Project based management†¦show more content†¦Most successful change cases generally went through this series of phases that, in total, usually require a considerable length of time. Skipping steps not only produces dissatisfying results, but also creates illusion of speed. By adopting project based management in these transformation stages, the five process groups of project cycle are very well suited to ensure success in each stage hence delivers good momentum and preserves the entire change efforts. Project initiation refers to activities focused on ensuring realistic business need that will be achieved and identifies the stakeholders that will influence the success of the project (PMI, 2008). The PMBoK further states that it is the beneficial to involve stakeholders from the very start as it improves the probability of shared ownership, acceptance and satisfaction which, in turn, enhances the success of the project. This greatly overlaps with popular change management principles that identify the need for establishing a sense of urgency (Kotter, 2007). It consists of examining the competitive and market forces prevalent for the industry within which the organisational change model. Kotter (2007) also describesShow MoreRelatedOrganisational Culture And Organizational Culture2261 Words   |  10 PagesThroughout this essay organisational culture will be examined, including the two approaches mainstream and critical. What managers can do to shape culture and also an example of wh en culture has in fact been changed. Organisational culture can be acknowledged as the organisations personality; which is also referred to as corporate culture. Organisational culture is defined as the process of how things are dealt with within an organisation on a daily basis, affecting the employees and how they workRead MoreApple Inc. s Corporate Culture Essay1937 Words   |  8 Pagesdetrimental to the organisational culture in terms of Human Resource strategy and practice in Apple Inc. 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Who Discovered Dna - 3383 Words

Who Discovered DNA? Heather Kane The discovery of deoxyribonucleic acid, more commonly known as DNA, has been the foundation for much scientific work. This fundamental discovery was credited to James Watson and Francis Crick. Many people believe that another person, Rosalind Franklin, also played a large role in the research. How much did she contribute to the discovery? Why is her name left unrecognized? This paper will discuss her part in the search and whether her name should appear next to Watsons and Cricks as the co-discoverer of DNA. In the early 1950s, the race to find the structure of DNA was in full swing. The search was being conducted at three different colleges. At the California Institute of Technology, Linus Pauling,†¦show more content†¦According to the same article by Judson [1986], Franklins reaction was as follows: Franklin immediately recognized the essential facts of the structure. They are few. The two backbones are on the outside, coiled up and down around a common axis. The double helix is 20 angstrom units in diameter (79 billionths of an inch). The backbones hook themselves together again and again, across the middle, by joining molecular units called bases. The pair of bases are 3.4 angstroms apart, and the helix makes a complete turn in 10 pairs, 34 angstroms. Franklin came very close to realizing this structure. In fact, she had already started to document her work, convinced of the structure; however, there were two key things that she missed. These two things were things she failed to see in her own data, but that Watson and Crick picked up on. The first of the two, which Crick noticed, was the fact that the two strands of DNA run in opposite direction of one another: One goes up and the other goes down. Franklin would have put both strands running in the same direction. Crick picked up on this point from a technical similarity in DNA and the hemoglobin that he was working on [Judson, 1986]. The second point, which Watson discovered, was the unique pairing of the bases in DNA. They are set up such that each strand is complementary to the other and if the twoShow MoreRelatedThe Structure Of Dn Cooperation And Competition949 Words   |  4 PagesThe Structure of DNA: Cooperation and Competition PRACTICAL PROBLEM: The question â€Å"How do living things pass on their traits to offspring† had long been on the minds of researchers. CURIOSITY: Curiosity was a trait of all those who wondered about that question. Gregor Mendel was just one of those people leading up to the four who discovered the structure of DNA. The four people who discovered the structure of DNA built upon the EXPLORATION AND DISCOVERY of others: At the time of this discoveryRead MoreMeredith Kercher : Studying Abroad1377 Words   |  6 Pagestheorizing on what could have happened. 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Kamias as diswashing liquid free essay sample

Bilimbi or scientifically known as Averrhoa Bilimbi have dozens of native names. It is widely called as cucumber tree or tree sorrel in English but the tree itself is native to most tropical countries. Filipinos generally called it kamias and it is a widely known tree that can be found in most house backyards. Bilimbi is a fruit-bearing tree from the genus averrhoa plant family, a close relative of carambola. Bilimbi fruit are used in many medicinal purposes because of its high acidic properties. It is also used as a sweetener for various local and international cuisines such as the Philippines, Indonesia, India, Haiti, Nicaragua, Venezuela, Argentina and many others. (http://kamiasorbilimbifruit1. blogspot. com/) Health Benefits of Kamias Health is one of the main concerns of the country nowadays. Food poisoning and disease caused by these pathogenic bacteria are common. Due to the fact that bacteria can be found anywhere, and since commercialized antibacterial agents are synthetic, costly and can post health hazards. Making an effective and cheap antibacterial agents Can be utilized which derive from environment friendly materials and can easily found in the community. The potential of Averrhoa Bilimbi also known as Kamias for it’s fruit as a solution that can be easily be found in the community. The focus of making these dishwashing liquid is on the effectiveness of this plant as an effective antibacterial agent. In the Philippines, the leaves of bilimbi tree are used as a treatment relief for skin itches, swellings of mumps and rheumatism. It can also be a good alternative remedy for insect and animal bites. Infused leaf of bilimbi can be used for cough while leaf decoction can give soothe to rectal inflammation. Preserved bilimbi fruit can also be used for treatment of beri-beri, fever and alleviate internal hemorrhoids. Its very effective in different viral infections because of its high ascorbic acid content which also strengthens the immune system. In India, bilimbi fruit are used in folk medicine to fight obesity. Experts believe that the fruits anti-hyperlipidemic properties mainly constitutes of its ability to prevent weight gain. Plus, like any other fruits, it contains antioxidants that prevent free radicals from invading our bodies. As you know, free radicals cause various cancer diseases. Uses of Kamias Kamias juice, because of its oxalic acid content, is useful for bleaching stains from the hands and rust from white cloth, and also tarnish from brass. Some of the toxins that can be found in non-organic dishwashing liquid include, synthetic fragrances, formaldehyde, silicones, acrylates, preservative and Biodegradable detergent soap uses all-natural products that are mild to the skin and clothes and, in addition, are eco-friendly. In contrast, commercial detergent powder contains chemicals such as optical brighteners, dyes, and artificial fragrances that can sometimes irritate the skin. Fruit: Very acid bilimbis are employed to clean the blade of a kris (dagger), and they serve as mordants in the preparation of an orange dye for silk fabrics. Bilimbi juice, because of its oxalic acid content, is useful for bleaching stains from the hands and rust from white cloth, and also tarnish from brass. its important to buy organic dishwashing liquid because your skin is a way in. Our skin is porous, semi-permeable, open to whatever we present to it. The skin is body cleanser too because your body can expel toxins by sweating them out. However, this is greatly hindered by the toxins that greatly overwhelm us on a daily basis. ( http://www. studymode. com/essays/Kamias-1353161. html) Methods in making q a soap 1. Purchase a gallon of Castile soap. Go for either pre-scented or unscented depending on your preference. Also, you don’t need the entire gallon for one bottle of soap, but if you purchase it in the gallon size you can save money not only from the amount but the gas you’ll need to make multiple trips to the store. 2. Pick up white vinegar and washing soda. These two ingredients are key to banishing grease and get the dishes extra clean. 3. Consider adding an essential oil for a pleasant smell. If your olfactory senses are not a priority you can skip this step. However, if you appreciate the aroma of fresh lemon, mint or lavender while you are stuck in the kitchen doing dishes, this is a wonderful addition to your soap. Go for any of your favorites including tea tree, eucalyptus, lavender or lemon. 4. Buy an empty glass bottle, preferably with a pump or squirt top. Having a pump or squirt top will allow you to ration the amount of soap you use. Methods 1. Combine all ingredients at once in a large bowl. Mix 1 ? cup of hot water, ? cup of Castile soap, 1 tbsp. white vinegar, 1 tbsp. washing soda and 1/8 tsp. of essential oil. Whisk together until all ingredients are well blended and combined. 2. Allow ample time for mixture to cool. The hot water will heat everything up but also help to blend and mix the ingredients. Let mixture sit in bowl on the counter for as long as it takes to cool. Whisk/mix occasionally to ensure the soap continues to combine. 3. Pour in soap bottle for use. You may want to transfer the liquid from the large bowl to a container that is compatible with the soap bottle (for pouring). Or you can use a plastic funnel and pour the mixture directly from the bowl into the bottle